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Criminal · LEGAL ISSUE GUIDE

Extortion / Blackmail

वसूली / ब्लैकमेल

Search unlawful threats connected to obtaining property, and distinguish extortion from general criminal intimidation.

Understanding this legal issue

Search unlawful threats connected to obtaining property, and distinguish extortion from general criminal intimidation.

Blackmail is a colloquial term; the correct offence depends on the threat, demand, delivery of property and any electronic conduct.

Key question: Was money or property demanded because of a threat?
SELECTED PROVISIONS · NOT AN EXHAUSTIVE LIST

Core offences

BNS 308

Extortion

Addresses extortion and specified circumstances/subsections.

Earlier-law reference: IPC 383–389 (varies) · orientation only
Official law source ↗
BNS 351

Criminal intimidation

Addresses threats constituting criminal intimidation and its forms.

Earlier-law reference: IPC 503 / 506 · orientation only
Official law source ↗

Related offences

BNS 309

Robbery

Defines and punishes robbery, including variants such as attempt and causing hurt.

Earlier-law reference: IPC 390 / 392–394 (subsection-dependent) · orientation only
Official law source ↗
BNS 318

Cheating

Addresses cheating; more serious variants are in the relevant subsections.

Earlier-law reference: IPC 415 / 417 / 420 (subsection-dependent) · orientation only
Official law source ↗
IT Act 66D

Cheating by personation using computer resources

Addresses specified online or electronic impersonation fraud.

Official law source ↗

Procedure & rights

BNSS 173

Information in cognizable cases

Provision concerning giving and recording information about cognizable offences.

Earlier-law reference: CrPC 154 · orientation only
Official law source ↗
Article 21

Protection of life and personal liberty

Protects life and personal liberty, subject to procedure established by law and constitutional interpretation.

Official law source ↗
Before relying on these references: Read the full official law, check sub-sections, schedules, exemptions, dates, special Acts, transition rules and current judicial interpretation. Mentioning a section here does not mean it applies to every fact pattern.