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Criminal · LEGAL ISSUE GUIDE

Defamation / Reputation

मानहानि

Search the criminal defamation section and constitutional free-expression context.

Understanding this legal issue

Search the criminal defamation section and constitutional free-expression context.

Defamation is also actionable through civil law in appropriate circumstances; statutory exceptions and free-expression protections must be considered.

Key question: Was a factual imputation published to a third party?
SELECTED PROVISIONS · NOT AN EXHAUSTIVE LIST

Core offences

BNS 356

Defamation

Addresses defamation and applicable exceptions under penal law.

Earlier-law reference: IPC 499 / 500 · orientation only
Official law source ↗

Rights & context

Article 19

Protection of certain freedoms

Protects specified freedoms, subject to constitutionally permitted restrictions.

Official law source ↗
Article 21

Protection of life and personal liberty

Protects life and personal liberty, subject to procedure established by law and constitutional interpretation.

Official law source ↗

Procedure

BNSS 174

Information as to non-cognizable cases and investigation

Procedure concerning information about non-cognizable offences.

Earlier-law reference: CrPC 155 · orientation only
Official law source ↗
Before relying on these references: Read the full official law, check sub-sections, schedules, exemptions, dates, special Acts, transition rules and current judicial interpretation. Mentioning a section here does not mean it applies to every fact pattern.